Using LXD on Ubuntu 16.04

ubuntu lxc lxd

1. install lxd

$ sudo apt install lxd

1. Enable swap accounting

$ sudo vi /etc/default/grub

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="swapaccount=1"

$ sudo update-grub

$ sudo shutdown -r now

1. create lxd user

$ sudo useradd -s /bin/bash -m lxdadm

$ sudo passwd lxdadm

$ sudo adduser lxdadm lxd

1. init lxd

$ sudo lxd init

1. Creating the first container

$ sudo su - lxdadm

$ newgrp lxd

// create container ubuntu16

$ lxc launch ubuntu:xenial ubuntu16

// list lxc containers

$ lxc list

$ lxc info ubuntu16

// open a shell in ubuntu16

$ lxc exec ubuntu16 bash

1. Create container without starting it

$ lxc init ubuntu:xenial ubuntu16

1. List images

$ lxc image list

$ lxc image list images:

$ lxc image list ubuntu:

1. List containers

$ lxc list

$ lxc list --fast

$ lxc info <container>

1. Start/stop a container

$ lxc start 

$ lxc stop <container>

$ lxc stop  <container> --force

$ lxc restart <containter>

$ lxc restart <container> --force

$ lxc pause <container>

1. Profiles

$ lxc profile list

$ lxc profile show <profile>

$ lxc profile edit <profile>

$ lxc profile apply <container> <profile1>,<profile2>,...

1. Shell

$ lxc exec <container> bash

$ lxc exec <container> -- ls -lh /

$ lxc exec <container> --env mykey=myvalue

1. Files

$ lxc file pull <container>/<path> <dest>

$ lxc file pull <container>/<path> - //read file to standard output

$ lxc file push <source> <container>/<path>

$ lxc file edit <container>/<path>

1. Snapshot

  $ lxc snapshot <container>

  $ lxc snapshot <container> <snapshot name>

  $ lxc info <container> //see snapshot

  $ lxc restore <container> <snapshot name>

  $ lxc move <container>/<snapshot name> <container>/<new snapshot name>

  $ lxc delete <container>/<snapshot name>

1. Cloning/renaming/delting

  $ lxc copy <source container> <destination container> 

  $ lxc move <old name> <new name>  

  $ lxc delete <container>

1. CPU limit

  $ lxc config set my-container limits.cpu 2  //any 2 cpus

  $ lxc config set my-container limits.cpu 1,3 // cpu #2 #4

  $ lxc config set my-container limits.cpu 0-3,7-11

  $ lxc config set my-container limits.cpu.allowance 10% // limit time 10% of total

  $ lxc config set my-container limits.cpu.priority 0

1. Memory limit

  $ lxc config set my-container limits.memory 256MB

1. Disk limit (requires btrfs or ZFS)

  $ lxc config device set my-container root size 20GB

1. IO reading/writing limits

  $ lxc config device set my-container root limits.read 20Iops

  $ lxc config device set my-container root limits.write 10Iops

1. Autostart container

  $ lxc config set container_name boot.autostart 1

1. Mount host directory

<?prettify linenums=true?>

  $ lxc config device add container_name device_name disk source=host_directory path=guest_directory

1. Assign static IP (Lxd 3.0)

     $ lxc stop my-c1
     $ network attach lxdbr0 my-c1 eth0 eth0
     $ lxc config device set my-c1 ipv4.address 10.204.140.10
     $ lxc start my-c1
   

2. IP Port forwarding (lxd 3.0)

     # Forward host port 8080 to container c1 port 80
     $ lxc config device add my-ssh-proxy ci proxy listen=tcp:0.0.0.0:8080 connect=tcp:127.0.0.1:80
   

   • connect to is container localhost ip.

Written on November 17, 2016